Fuel induction system for gasoline engine



Nov. 14, 1961 y, KAUFMAN FUEL INDUCTION 'SYSTEM FOR GASOLINE ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 25, 1960 hilt INVENTOR VERNON R. KAUFMAN -3% W TTORNEV Nov. 14, 1961 v. R. KAUFMAN 3,008,459

FUEL INDUCTION SYSTEM FOR GASOLINE ENGINE Filed May 25, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 VERNON R. KAUFMAN niw tates P ts 3,008,459 FUEL INDUCTION SYSTEM FOR GASOLINE ENGINE I 1 I Vernon R. Kaufman, Racine, Wis.,-ass'ign0r to Jacobsen Manufacturing Co., Racine, Wis. Filed May 25, 1960, Ser.' No. 31,651

12 Claims. (Cl. ,123-.73)

of the engine piston. -Gener ally,'a pressure responsive type of intake valve closure is "employed on the crankcase suchfthat when the piston is moving to the top of the cylinder, the closure is automatically drawn open by virtue of the reduced pressure inside the crankcase, and conversely when the piston is moving to the bottom of the cylinder, the valve closureis moved to theclosed position due to the increase in pressure in: the'crankcase. Of coursedur ing the open, position'of the closure, the usual fueLair; and lubricating oil mixtu-re'is drawn into the crankcase. In this well-known action, the mixture is subsequently forced into the cylinder through the intake port in the side of the cylinderand which port isin communication 'with the crankcase, and this intake' action occurs when the crankcaseis pres'surizedj a'nd the .valve closure is in the closedposition to trap the mixture within the crankcase. j i 4 In this mixture, it is common.practiceto-proportion the oil in, the gasoline in onej to sixteen parts'ii n order that the internal parts of the, engine can be lubricated during operation, However, it has now been, discovered that the oil does not generally remain' insuspension in the mixture, but instead a good'portion of it falls from the mixture and accumulates in thebottorn of the crankcase where it is agitated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the connecting rod, and'i-t' thus} reduces itselfto substantially a splash system of lubrication as employed in a four-cycle gasoline'engine, This of course is not' the intention of the designers Lof two-cycle'engines, and the moving parts are not'properly lubricated although ahigh quantity of ,oil is includedin the mix as described. US.

due to reduction of heat and the reduction" ofthe oil deposits as mentioned, and still furtherit will result in a longer life for the engine.

Still a further object of this invention is to provide a fuel induction system'whereinth'e valve is opened sooner than that heretofore possible and the valveis closed also at-an earlier timing so that 'the'best induction is achieved. Other objects and advantages will become apparent upon reading the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

' FIG. 1 is a side'elevational view of a gasoline engine incorporating a preferred embodiment of this invention and with the view being in partial sections-taken along the line 1-1 of FIG.- 2.' I

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the 7 line 2.2'of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged -perspective view, of the valve shown in FIG. 1'. 1 I 1 The drawings show a two-cycletype ofgasoline engine which includes the usual sparring 10, engine shroud 11, and engine cylinder 12'. "The usual engine, piston 13 isrecip'rocably disposed within'the interior of the cylinder'liner '14 and the usual wrist pin' 16'andconnecting rod 17 and crankshaft18 are also included in the engine- Of course the crankshaft 18 includes-the concentrically located axle portion 19 and the counter weights 21] and the eccentric portion 22. The latter is of course rotatably connected to the one end of the connecting rod 17 by means of the bolts 23 which clamp the connecting rod onto the eccentric 22 in the usual and well-known man'- ner. Of course the engine also includes the crankcase 24 and the carburetor 26 which is connected with respect to the crankcase24 and the usual fuel line-P27 leads mm the carburetor'26'in order that the required fuel can be introduced into the crankcase 24.

FIGS. 1 and Z-further show that the crankcase defines the usualcylindrical opening 28 radially outside of which is an opening 29, as more clearly shown'in FIG. 2, and the opening 29 extends around the bottom half of-the crankcase 24. 'Stillanother'opening '31 is disposed radi- 'ally beyond the crankcase central opening'28 and therebelow and-this opening" receives a valve body or crank- Patents 2,782,777 and 2,804,851 both 'refer to the accu- More specifically, is an bject of this-invention'to provide a 'fuel iiiductionsystem which'willresult in an improved lubrication of the'internal parts of the engine and which will accomplish the result with a reduced quantity of oil to gasoline int-he mixture; Consequently, there is improved lubrication of-th'e engine, and there is a reduction in the customaryaccumulation of harmful oil products in the engine-and'parti'cularly in the accumulation of the oil'products on the electrodes of the spark plug to cause fouling of the plug. 3

' Still another object of this invention is' to provide an improved fuel induction system whereby the engine will operate at a lower temperature than that heretofore encase mating-portion:generallydesignated 32. It will of course be notedthat the member 32 is thus snugly disposed within the openings 29 and 31 as described. It will thus be understood that the member 32 is disposed between the crankcase 24 and the carburetor 26 and it is attached to the crankcase '24 by "means of the "bolts 33 and the stud 34 is shown to connect the carbu'retor 26 to the member 32. Also, ofcourse a gasket 36-is disposed between the member 32 and the remainder of the crankcase 24 for fluid-tightly sealing therebe'tween;- and the gasket36 of course extends endlessly-around the crankcase in the plane indicated by thegasket'36} 4 At'this' time it should also again be noted that the member '32' is snugly disposed within the crankcase 24""to substantially occupy a portion of the opening 29 and-the opening or recess 31. Thus, the portion '37 of themember 32 is disposed' within the recess 29 and the upper face 38 of the portion 37 is shown to be concave to be disposed in close proximity to the sweep of the lower end of the connecting rod' 17 so that a minimumcf ,spa'ce'is available in the lower end of the crankcase and atthat portion. Likewise, two side walls-orbafiles' 39 are'included in the/member 32 "on opposite "sides thereof 'to occupy the space included in the crankcase opening 31 and to of 3 course sub'stantially'filli the space except 'ofco urse for the inclusion of the remaining part of the member 32 as countered,'and it will also-operate at a higherefliciency f described hereinafter. At this time it should also be noted that the upper faces 41 of the baflies 39'are also arcuate to be, in this instance, in close proximity to the rotativ'e path of the crankshaft 'e'ccentrics 21 as clearly 3 shown in both FIGS. 1 and Z. In this manner, the space available for the usual puddling or accumulation of oil in the crankcase is eliminated by the inclusion of the members 37 and 39.

With further description of the member 32, it will be noted that it includes the larger portion 42 on top of which is secured a valve outlet opening portion 43 and the latter is secured 'by means of the bolt 44. 7 Thus, the parts or members 42 and 43 constitute a valve body having a fuel inlet opening 46 and a plurality of fuel outlet openings 47 so that of course the fuel passes through the carburetor 26 and the openings 46 and 47 and into the crankcase 24 as described. In this instance, it will he noted that four outlet openings 47 are provided and they are separated by portions of the member 43 including the central partition 48. Also note that the space between the baflles 39 presents a cavity in the crankcase 24, and the valve is disposed within the cavity and of course is flanked by the baflies 39. Also valve closures in the form ofthe usual flexible reed valves 49 are attached to the member 43 by means of' the screws or bolts 44 to overlie the four openings 47 and thus close over the terminal ends of the outlet'openings 47 and therefore seat on the valve seats surrounding said openings to thus selectively interrupt the flow of fuel through the outlet openings 47 as the reed 49 flexes in response to the pressure changes inside the crankcase 24 all in the usual manner. Further, the rigid limit stops 51 are also secured to themember 43 by means of the screws 44 to limit the maximum amount of opening of the valves 49.

In this arrangement, it will then be noted and understood that the fuel flowing through the valve body and from the outlets 47 will merge into one common stream as indicated by the arrow designated S, and in this action, the reed valves 49 and the partitions orbafiles 39 restrict the fuel flowing through the valve to the direction of the stream S. It will further be now notedthat the direction of the stream S is oriented with respect to the connecting rod 27 to be directed threreat when the connecting rod is on the side of the center line through the cylinder 14, as in the position shown, and with that side being the side the connecting rod 17 occupies when the piston 13 ports 52 are shown in dotted positions since they exist on the far side of the liner 14 and the usual intake ports would of course exist on the near side of the liner in the usual manner. Also, as customary the exhaust ports 52 would be uncovered by the piston 13 and therefore open at approximately 110 degrees after top dead-center, and the intake ports would be open at approximately 120 degrees after top-dead-center.

It will thus be noted that the reeds or closures 49 are disposed to be directed at each other such that fuel flow therepast will merge into the one stream S, and, further, the side partitions or baffles 39 are disposed immediately adjacent the sides of the reeds 49 and extend to a height above the maximum opening which the reeds 49 can achieve so that the partitions 39 further direct the incoming fuel upwardly and onto the connecting rod 17 and the connecting rod bearings, including the wrist pin 16. While no invention is claimed in the provision of the plurality of valve outlet openings and a similar number of reed closures disposed thereover, there is believed to be novelty in the eccentric location of the fuel stream S and in the provision of the side partitions or baffles 39 and the filler member or portion 37, which further occupies the crankcase opening 29 on what may be termed the,

compression side thereof rather than the induction side which the connecting rod 17 is shown to occupy.

While a specific embodiment of this invention has been shown and described, it should be obvious that certain changes could be made in the embodiment and the inventhe scope of the crankcase, and a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said.

crankcase on the center line of said cylinder, and a con necting rod rotatably connected at opposite endsthereof is rising to the top-dead-center position of the cylinder 12. Of course it is during this upstroke of the engine that the valve closures 49 are open, and thus the fuel and oil mixture coming through the valveis directed right onto the connecting rod 17 and of course onto the crucial and important bearing points on the inside of the engine 17 so that all of these points and areas are properly lubricated by the incoming mixture.

Further, since the direction of rotation of the crank shaft is as shown by the arrow A, the most eflicient updraft of air for the purpose of the induction of the fuel is locatedon that side of the engine where the connecting rod 17 is shown. With this arrangement, it has been found that the quantity of oil to gasoline in a two-cycle engine canv be as lowas one part in thirty-two and even sixty-four, and still have the engine run at least as cool as heretofore,.and of. course with less oil and fouling deposits accurnulatingin the engine. Further, there has been an elimination of the. usual bounce or flutter'of the reed. valves,.and the valves now open at approximately 240 degrees after top-dead-center rather than the approximately 270 degrees to 300 degrees after top-dead center on previous constructions. Also, the reed valve of the instant invention closes at 30 to 40 degrees a-fter top dead-center where heretofore the reed closed at 60 to 90 degrees after top-dead-center and it even did so after several bounces or flutters which hampered the desired induction and positive closing action required. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, the closures 49 are partially open as the connecting rod 17 and the piston 13 are moving upwardly and are currently in the 270 degree position.

Also, the usual intake and exhaust ports are included in the cylinder 12 and its liner "14 and thus. the exhaust to said wrist pin and to said connecting rod, respectively; the invention of a fuel valve body, mounted on said crankcase andhaving a fuel inlet opening therein and a fuel outlet opening directed therefrom and into said crankcase and with said outlet opening being disposed immediately adjacent the path of said connecting rod, substantialy'diametrically opposite said cylinder, said valve body being disposed on said crankcase with said fuel outlet opening disposed parallel to and aligned axially offset with. respectto said center line and oriented directly toward said connecting rod during the period that said piston is moving to the top of said cylinder all for directing fuel at and onto said. connecting rod during said period, and a reed valve closure mounted on said valve body for selectivelyinterrupting fuel flow through said bed Z? In a two-cycle gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder, and a piston disposed inv said cylinder for reciprocation therein between top-dead-center and bottom-dead-center, and a wrist pin connected tosaid, piston, and a crankcase, and a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said crankcase on the center line of said cylinder, and a connecting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to saidconnecting rod, re

spectively; the invention of a fuel valve body mounted on a said crankcase and having a fuel inlet opening therein and a plurality of fuel outlet openings co-plan-ularly dis posed and directed therefrom and into said crankcase and having axes in predetermined orientations on said valve body, a reed valve closure mounted on said vvalve body over each of said outlet openings and with the free-ends of said closures disposed adjacent each other to open and close thereon for selectively interrupting fuelflo'w through said body and for the passage of fuel from said outlets into a single stream in a predetermined direction when said closures are in the open position, said. valve body being disposed on said crankcase with said axes of said fueloutletopenings aligned offset with respect to .said center line and to the side thereof to be oriented toward said connecting rod during the period when said piston is moving to said top-dead-center position and all for orienting said predetermined direction of fuel at and onto'said connecting rod during said period, and said valve body extending into-said crankcase to dispose said valve'cl'osures' immediately adjacent the path of said con necting rod. v v

3. In a two cycle gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder, and a piston disposed in said cylinder for reciprocation therein between top-dead-center and bottoni-dead-center, and a wrist pin connected to said piston, and a crankcase, and a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said crankcase on an axis intersection the center line of said cylinder for rotation in a selected direction; and a connecting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to said connecting rod, re-' spectively; the invention of a fuel valve body mounted on said crankcase on the bottom thereof opposite said cylinder and having a fuel inlet opening therein and a fuel outlet opening directed therefrom and into said crankcase and having an axis in a predetermined orientation on said valve body, a valve closure mounted on said valve body to open and close thereon for selectivelyinterrupting fuel flow through said valve body and for the passage of fuel from said outlet in a predetermined direction when said closure is in the open'position, said valve bodybeing disposed on said crankcase with said, axis'of said fuel outlet opening disposed to one-side of'saidaxis of said cylinder with said side being the side occupied by said connecting rod'during the period whensaid piston is moving to said top-dead-center'position'and all for orienting said predetermined direction of fuel at and onto said connecting rod during said period, and said valve body including a portion extending into said crankcase and occupyingthe other side thereofimmedi'ately adjacent the rotational path of said connecting rod for preventing accumulation of oil in said other side. 4

4. In a two-cycle gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder, and a piston disposed in said cylinder for reciprocation therein between top-dead-center and bottom-dead-center, and a wrist pin connected to said piston, and a crankcase, andza crankshaft rotatably mounted onsaid crankcase on the center line ofsaid cylindenand a connecting rod rotatably connected? at oppositeends thereof to said wrist pin and to said connecting rod, respectively-for positioning on oneside ofsaid center line during movement of said piston toward said top-deadcenter; the invention of said crankcase having a fuel passage therein terminating in a plurality of fuel outlet openings directed into said crankcase, a reed valve closure fixed with respect to said crankcase and overlying each said outlet opening and being secured and disposed for flexing open toward each other and directing the flow of fuel therethrough into one mergedstream, said outlet openings being disposed on said crankcase to orient said merged stream to said one side of said center line to thereby orient said merged stream toward saidconnecting rod during the period when said piston is moving to said top dead-center position.

5. In a two-cycle gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder and a piston reciprocally disposed in said cylinder and a Wrist pin connected to said piston and a crankcase and a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said crankcase on the center line of said cylinderand a connecting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to said connecting rod respectively, the invention of a fuel valve body mounted on said crankcase and having a valve seat offset from said centerline to the side thereof of upward movement of said connecting rod, a valve closure mounted on said valve seat for selectively interrupting fuel flow through said body and overlying said valve seat and being movable to a full-open 6 position away from said "valve 1 seat in response to. fluid pressure changesin said crankcase according to reciprocae tion of said piston, and a bafile disposed in said crankcase immediately adjacent said. valvelclosure and extending to a'height substantially equal to said full-open position of said valve closure and having a baffie wall oriented for directing fuel flow from said valve seat and directly onto said connectingrod when the latter is moving upwardly; 6. In a gasoline engine of the'type including an engine cylinder, and a piston reciprocably disposed in said cylinder, and a wrist pin connected to said piston, and a crankcasegan'd a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said crankcase on the center line of said cylinder, and a connecting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to said connecting rod, respectively; the invention of afnel valve body mounted on said crankcase and having a fuel inlet openingtherein and atplurality of fuel outlet openings .directed therefrom and into said crankcase, a plurality of reed-valves mounted'ton-said valve body and overlying each of said outlet openings and having the freeends' of said'reed valves disposed adjacent each other for directing the flow through said outlet openings and end'wise toward the other of said outlet openings and into one common stream, and a bafile disposedin said crankcase and on each side of said reed valves and I immediately adjacent the latter and includingawall oriented :fordirecting said flow from said outlet openings and directly'onto said connecting rod when the latter-is in its position at the time said piston is moving upwardly in said cylinder. I,

7. In a two-cycle gasoline engine of the type'including anengine cylinder and a piston reciprocally disposed'in said cylinder and a wrist pin connected to said piston and a crankcase and a crankshaft rotatablymounted on said crankcase on the centerline of said cylinder and a con.- necting-rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist-pin and to said connecting-rod respectively, the-invention of. said crankcase having a cavity formed thereon at the side thereof opposite said cylinder,- a:gasket disposed on said crankcase" encircling said cavity *anddefining a plane thereon, a" fuel valve mounted on said'crankcase in abutment'with' said gasket and having a fuel inlet opening and a fuel outlet opening with the latter disposed within the' walls defining said cavity, a valve closure mounted on said valve for selectively interrupting fuel flow through' said o' utlet opening, projecting means disposed on said valve and extending into said crankcase beyond said plane and occupying approximately all r of said cavity and extending thereinto to a location immediately adjacent the rotational path of said connecting rod, said projecting means terminating in a concave surface immediately adjacent and with respect to the path of said connecting rod.

8. In a gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder, and a piston reciprocably disposed in said cylinder, and a wrist pin connected to said piston, and a crankcase, and a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said crankcase on the center line of said cylinder, and a connecting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to said connecting rod, respectively; the invention of a fuel valve body mounted on said crankcase and with the valve seat being disposed immediately adjacent the path of the crankshaft end of said connecting rod and being substantially diametrically opposite said cylinder, a valve closure mounted on said valve body and being operable over said valve seat for selectively interrupting the flow of fuel mix through said valve body, said valve closure and said fuel outlet opening being disposed and oriented offset from said center line of said cylinder in the direction of travel of said crankshaft to direct said fuel mix in a stream from said fuel outlet opening and directly onto said connecting rod during the period that said piston is moving to the top of said cylinder.

9. In a gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder, and a piston reciprocably disposed in said cylin' der, and a wrist pin connected to said piston, and a crankcase, and a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said crank case on the center line of said cylinder, and a connecting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to said connecting rod, respectively; the invention of a fuel valve body mounted on said crankcase and having a fuel outlet opening being disposed immediately adjacent the path of the crankshaft end of said connecting rod and being substantially diametrically opposite said. cylinder, a valve closure mounted on said valve body for selectively seating over'said outlet opening for inter-. rupting the flow of fuel mix through said valve body, said valve closure and said fuel outlet opening being disposed and oriented asymmetrical with respect to said center line and offset therefrom in the direction of travel of said crankshaft to direct said fuel mix in a stream from said fuel outlet opening and directly onto said connecting rod during the period that said piston is moving to the top of said cylinder.

10. In a gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder, and a piston reciprocably disposed in said cylinder, and a wrist pin connected to said piston, and a crankcase, and a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said crankcase on the center line of said cylinder, and a connecting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to saidconnecting rod, respectively; the invention of a fuel valve body mounted on said crankcase and having a fuel outlet opening with the vterminal end thereof being disposed immediately adjacent the path of the crankshaft end of said connecting rod and being substantially diametrically opposite said cylinder, a valve closure mounted on said valve body and being operable over said terminal end for selectively interrupting the flow of fuel mix through said valve body, said valve closure and said fuel outlet opening being disposed and oriented to direct said fuel mix in a stream from said fuel outlet opening and directly onto said connecting rod during the period thatvsaid piston is moving to. the top of said cylinder, and a bafile disposed in said crankcase adjacent said valve closure and said stream for guiding the latter toward said connecting rod and with said bafiling occupying the space in said crankcase immediately adjacent the path of said connecting rod and thereby reducing the void space in said crankcase to render the valve closure more responsive to the movements of said piston.

1-1. In a gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder, and apiston reciprocably disposed in said cylin'der, and a wrist pin connected to said piston, and a crankcase, and a crankshaft rotatably mounted on said crankcase on the center line of. said cylinder, and a conneoting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to'said connecting rod, respectively; the invention of a fuel valve body mounted on said crankcase and having a fuel outlet opening with the terminal end thereof being disposed immediately adjacent the path of the crankshaft end of said connecting rod and being substantially diametrically opposite said cylinder, a valve closure mounted on said valve body and being operable over said terminal end for selectively interrupting the flow of fuel mix through said valve body, said terminal end of said fuel outlet opening being disposed parallel to said center line of said cylinder and offset therefrom to be directed toward said connecting rod to direct the fuel mix onto the latter during the period that said piston is moving to the top of said cylinder.

12, In a gasoline engine of the type including an engine cylinder, and a piston reciprocably disposed in said cylinder, and a wrist pin connected to said piston, and a crankcase having a surface thereon extending around a crankcase opening for the mounting of a fuel valve, and a crankshaftrotatably mounted on said crankcase on the center line of said cylinder, and a connecting rod rotatably connected at opposite ends thereof to said wrist pin and to said connecting rod, respectively; the invention of a fuel valve body mounted on said surface of said, crankcase-and having a fuel outlet opening being disposed immediately adjacent the path of the crankshaft end of said connecting rod and being, substantially diametrically opposite said cylinder and terminatin'gtbeyond the plane of said surface and within said crankcase opening, a valve closure mounted on said valve body and beingoperable over said outlet opening for selectively interrupting the flow of fuel mix through said valve body, said valve closure and said fuel outlet opening being disposed and oriented to direct said fuel mix in a stream from said fuel outlet opening and directly onto said connecting rod during the period that said piston is moving to the top of said cylinder.

References Cited in the file of this patent J UNITED STATES PATENTS 

